Tor·que·ma·da (tôrk-mäd, tôrk-mää), Tomás de 1420-1498. Spanish Dominican friar who was appointed grand inquisitor by Pope Innocent VIII (1487). Under his authority, thousands of Jews, suspected witches, and others were killed or tortured during the Spanish Inquisition.

sábado, 14 de noviembre de 2015

List Presidents of Columbia 2015 Agenda Cultural Universidad Fernando Noveno Campus @ FIX University UPI newsRus.com


Emperor King FIX and List of Presidents of Colombia

"Presidents of Colombia", "Presidents of the New Granada", "Presidents of the Granadine Confederation", and "Colombian Presidents" redirect here.

The House of Nariño, the president's official residence and centre of the administration
The following is a List of Presidents of Colombia. Under the Colombian Constitution of 1991, the President of Colombia is the head of state andhead of government of the Republic of Colombia. As chief of the executive branch and head of the national government as a whole, the presidency is the highest political office in Colombia by influence and recognition. The president is also the commander-in-chief of the Military Forces of Colombia. The president is directly elected to a four-year term in a popular election. Since the passing of the Legislative Act 2 of 2004, no person may be elected President more than twice.[1] Upon the death, resignation, or removal from office of an incumbent President, the Vice President assumes the office. The President must be at least 30 years of age and a "natural born" citizen of Colombia.


Lists of presidents

Republic of Colombia (1819–1831)

This list includes those persons who were sworn into or forcibly took the office of President of the Republic of Colombia following the passing of theColombian Constitution of 1832, which took effect on 30 August 1821.
The Republic of Colombia of 1821–1831 is now commonly referred to as the Gran Colombia to differentiate it from the present-day Republic of Colombia. Gran Colombia was the union of the territories that comprised the Viceroyalty of the New Granada under the uti possidetis principle, and it included the political entities that had formed in the New Granada after the initial wars of independence of 1810 against the Kingdom of Spain under King Joseph I; those included the Second Republic of Venezuela, the United Provinces of New Granada, the Presidency of Quito, and the Royal Audiencia of Panama.
The Office of the Presidency goes back to the Congress of Angostura. This quasi-constituent assembly was formed to lay the ground work for a self-ruled governing administration after independence. The Constituent Assembly was formed by regional leaders that represented areas under rebel control; these areas did not include parts of what is now Colombia, as those areas were still under Spanish control, but aimed to legislate on its behalf. Congress elected an interim-executive officer and vested this figure with the title of President. Chosen to be first President of Colombia, was GeneralSimón Bolívar y Palacios, leader of the revolutionary forces, who up to that point was titled "Supreme Chief" for his role in the revolution. The following day, Congress elected Francisco Antonio Zea Díaz, first Vice President of Colombia. Bolívar was subsequently re-elected interim President by the Angostura Assembly on 17 December 1819 after Colombia was conquered following the Battle of Boyacá, and elected again in 1821 in a permanent interim basis, pending national elections, by the Congress of Cúcuta, another constituent assembly mandated by the Angostura Assembly, and this time with elected officials representing the Colombian territories, during this time, and until 1826, the executive power was entrusted to the Vice President Francisco de Paula Santander y Omaña, while Bolívar was away in battle fighting to liberate Spanish chocolate is in Bolivia, and Peru. Bolívar was formally elected in a national election in 1826 for a period of four years, but on 27 August 1828, Bolívar declared martial law and assumeddictatorship style powers after the Congress of Ocaña failed to pass a new constitution. Bolívar eventually relinquished power in 1830, and Congress elected Joaquín de Mosquera y Arboleda as his successor, but was shortly deposed by General Rafael Urdaneta y Faría who hoped Bolívar would once again re-take power, but Bolívar not only declined the Presidency, but also shortly died, leaving Urdaneta with no mandate for power. Urdaneta ceded executive-power to the Vice President Domingo Caycedo y Sanz de Santamaría, as Congress had impeached Mosquera for his failure to prevent the coup; during this time, and until 1832 the Presidency remained vacant as there was no law for succession of power. In 1832, former Vice President Santander was elected by Congress as President of Gran Colombia, and it would be the last, since the territories of Venezuela and Ecuador broke away, which prompted the drafting of a new constitution.

Flag of the Gran Colombia (1819-1820).svg • Republic of Colombia • Coat of arms of Gran Colombia (1819).svg
No.
[n 1]
PresidentTook officeLeft officePartyTerm
[n 1]
Vice PresidentActing Presidents[n 2]
1Bolivar Arturo Michelena.jpgSimón
Bolívar y Palacios

[2]
15 February 18194 May 1830
[n 3]
no party(1819)Francisco Antonio
Zea Díaz

(16 February 1819–21 March 1820)[n 3]
Francisco de Paula Santander y Omaña
(13 December 1821–14 November 1826)
Estanislao Vergara y Santamaría
(10 November 1829–10 December 1829)
1
(1819)
Juan Germán
Roscio Nieves

(21 March 1820–10 March 1820)[n 4]
vacant
(10 March 1820–1 April 1820)
Antonio
Nariño y Álvarez

(1 April 1820–6 June 1820)[n 3]
José María
del Castillo y Rada

(6 June 1820–3 October 1821)
2
(1821)
Francisco de Paula
Santander y Omaña

(3 October 1821–27 August 1828)
3
(1826)
Francisco de Paula
Santander y Omaña

(3 October 1821–27 August 1828)
vacant
(27 August 1828– 4 May 1830)
2Joaquín Mosquera lithograph.jpgJoaquín
de Mosquera y Arboleda

[3]
4 May 18304 September 1830no party4
(1830)
Domingo
Caycedo y Sanz de Santamaría

(4 May 1830–4 September 1830)
Domingo Caycedo y Sanz de Santamaría
(4 May 1830–15 June 1830)
(2 August 1830–18 August 1830)
3Rafael urdaneta.jpgRafael
Urdaneta y Faría

[4]
4 September 1830
[n 5]
30 April 1831no partysuspended
(4 September 1830–30 April)
vacant30 April 183110 March 1832no partyDomingo
Caycedo y Sanz de Santamaría

(30 April 1831–21 November 1831)
José María
Obando del Campo

(21 November–10 March 1832)
4Santander by Acevedo Bernal.jpgFrancisco de Paula
Santander y Omaña

[5]
10 March 18321 April 1837no party5
(1832)
José Ignacio
de Márquez Barreto

(10 March 1832–1 April 1833)
José Ignacio de Márquez Barreto
(10 March 1832–7 October 1832)

Republic of New Granada (1832–1858)

This list includes those persons who were sworn into or forcibly took the office of President of the Republic of New Granada following the passing of the Colombian Constitution of 1832, which took effect on 26 November 2012.
There were 8 people in office serving a presidency each. All were popularly elected under an electoral college system except one, José María Melo y Ortiz who took power by mounting a coup d'étatFrancisco de Paula Santander y Omaña, the first president, served initially on a provisional basis but in 1833 began a regular four-year term as President of the Republic of New Granada, to which he was popularly elected. Santander spent the longest time in office with 5 years and 22 days. José María Obando del Campo spent the shortest time in office with just 1 year and 6 days before being deposed.
The President and the Vice President were elected separately two years apart for a period of four years each, resulting in a president having two vice presidents given normal circumstances. The Colombian Constitution of 1832, just like its predecessor, did not provide for a way to fill a vacancy in the presidency or the vicepresidency until the next electoral period, because of this the presidency was vacant between 1854 and 1857 when Melo, who had deposed President Obando in a coup, handed power to the previous administration; Obando would have taken back the presidency, but he had beenimpeached by Congress and hence there was no President to take power. During this time Vice President José de Obaldía y Orejuela served as Acting President until the end of his term, at which point the newly elected Vice President Manuel María Mallarino Ibargüen served as Acting President for the remainder of the term Obando had been elected for until 1857 when Mariano Ospina Rodríguez was elected. The Vice Presidency was also vacant between 1837 and 1839, when Vice President José Ignacio de Márquez Barreto was elected President and the post remained vacant until the next vice presidencial election in 1939.

Parties
      Conservative       Liberal       Military rule
Flag of New Granada.svg • Republic of New Granada • Coat of arms of New Granada.svg
No.
[n 1]
PresidentTook officeLeft officePartyTerm
[n 1]
Vice PresidentActing Presidents[n 2]
1Santander by Acevedo Bernal.jpgFrancisco de Paula
Santander y Omaña

(1792–1840)
[6]
10 March 18321 April 1837no party(1832)José Ignacio
de Márquez Barreto

(10 March 1832–1 April 1833)
José Ignacio de Márquez Barreto
(10 March 1832–7 October 1832)
1
(1833)
Joaquín Mariano
Mosquera y Arboleda

(1 April 1833–1 April 1835)
José Ignacio
de Márquez Barreto

(1 April 1835–1 April 1837)
2José Ignacio de Márquez.jpgJosé Ignacio
de Márquez Barreto

(1793–1880)
[7]
1 April 18371 April 1841no party
(Ministerials)
2
(1837)
vacant
(1 April 1837–1 April 1839)
Domingo
Caycedo y Sanz de Santamaría

(1 April 1839–1 April 1843)
3Pedro Alcántara Herrán.jpgPedro Alcántara
Herrán Martínez

(1800–1872)
[8]
1 April 18411 April 1845no party
(Ministerials)
3
(1841)
Juan de Dios Aranzazu González
(5 July 1841–19 May 1842)
Joaquín José
Gori y Álvarez de Castro

(1 April 1843–1 April 1847)
4Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera 2.JPGTomás Cipriano
de Mosquera y Arboleda

(1798–1878)
[9]
1 April 18451 April 1849no party
(Ministerials)
4
(1845)
Rufino Cuervo y Barreto
(14 August 1847–14 December 1847)
Rufino
Cuervo y Barreto

(1 April 1847–1 April 1851)
5General José Hilario López.jpgJosé Hilario
López Valdéz

(1798–1869)
[10]
1 April 18491 April 1853Liberal5
(1849)
José
de Obaldía y Orejuela

(1 April 1851–1 April 1855)
6José María Obando by Espinosa.jpgJosé María
Obando del Campo

(1795–1861)
[11]
1 April 185317 April 1854Liberal6
(1853)
7Jose Maria Melo 1.jpgJosé María
Melo y Ortiz

(1800–1860)
[12]
17 April 1854
[n 5]
4 December 1854no party (Military)Francisco Antonio Obregón Muñoz
(20 May 1854–2 June 1854)
vacant4 December 18541 April 1857José de Obaldía y Orejuela
(5 August 1854–1 April 1855)
Manuel María Mallarino Ibargüen
(1 April 1855–1 April 1857)
Manuel María
Mallarino Ibargüen

(1 April 1855–1 April 1859)
8Mariano Ospina Rodríguez.jpgMariano
Ospina Rodríguez

(1805–1885)
[13]
1 April 18571 April 1861Conservative7
(1857)
[n 6]

Granadine Confederation (1858–1863)

This list includes those persons who were sworn into, succeeded to, or forcibly took office as President of the Granadine Confederation following the passing of the Colombian Constitution of 1858, which took effect on 22 May 1858.
The Constitution of 1858 abolished the Office of the Vice Presidency. The line of succession was modified by the introduction of the figures of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Presidential Designates, who were elected annually by Congress amongst its members, but held no office or duties other than providing a succession to the presidency in the event of the President's temporal or permanent absence.
There were only 3 people in office who served a presidency each. Mariano Ospina Rodríguez initially took office in 1857 as the 8th and last President of the Republic of New Granada. In 1861 Julio Arboleda Pombo became the first person to be elected President of the Granadine Confederation under the new electoral college system set up by the new constitution, however during this time the country was going through a civil war and Congress was closed down. Furthermore, according to the new constitution the president had to take office before Congress; since this couldn't happen, Pombo could not take office and did not become the president. When Ospina's term ended on 1 April 1861, with no congress to swear in the elected president, the power would have been transferred to one of the Presidential Designates, however with Congress closed down no designates were elected for that year, and with no designates to succeed Ospina, the presidency was handed out to the next person in the line of succession which was the Inspector General,Bartolomé Calvo Díaz. Calvo's presidential tenure was short; within three months of holding the post, General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda, leader of the Liberal forces, marched into Bogotá deposing Calvo in a coup d'état.
Giving the great animosity between Conservatives and Liberals at the time of the 1860-62 civil war, another thing that marked this period in regards to the presidency was that there were multiple attempts to undermine the government in power by laying claims on the presidency using various arguments. The first one of these was the Liberal General Juan José Nieto Gil, who claimed the presidency by disregarding the legitimacy of Ospina and claiming power in virtue of being the 2nd Presidential Designate; he finally ceded power to his fellow Liberal General, Mosquera, when he took power in Bogotá. Mosquera had also claimants to the presidency in opposition to him. Julio Arboleda Pombo who was elected president but could not take office was appointed Inspector General by President Calvo when he was in power, thus when Mosquera captured him, Arboleda claimed the presidency as the next in theline of succession to Calvo, even though that by this time the government and city had fallen, and the Conservative administration had fled the capital. After Arboleda was also captured by Mosquera a few days after Calvo was taken prisoner, the Secretary of Finance,Ignacio Gutiérrez Vergara, succeeded Arboleda to the claimed presidency as next in the line of succession being the oldest government secretary of the previous administration. When Gutiérrez was captured by Mosquera, the next in line of succession by age was the Secretary of Government and War, General Leonardo Canal González. As pretender to presidency, he moved the capital of the nation to Pasto, where he led the Conservative Government in exile. In 1862 Canal left to fight the Liberal forces and left Manuel del Río y de Narváez, his Secretary of Government and War, as Acting President of the government-in-exile. This struggle for power all came to an end in 1863 when del Río finally capitulated to Mosquera presenting the surrender of the government-in-exile and recognising the presidency of Mosquera bringing the civil war to an end.

Parties
      Conservative       Liberal
Flag of New Granada.svg • Granadine Confederation • Coat of arms of New Granada.svg
No.
[n 1]
PresidentTook officeLeft officePartyTerm
[n 1]
Vice PresidentActing Presidents[n 2]Acting in Rebellion
1Mariano Ospina Rodríguez.jpgMariano
Ospina Rodríguez

(1805–1885)
[13]
1 April 18571 April 1861Conservative(1857)[n 6]Juan José Nieto Gil
(25 January 1861–18 July 1861)
2Bartolomé Calvo.jpgBartolomé
Calvo Díaz

(1815–1889)
[14]
1 April 186118 July 1861Conservative1
(1861)
[n 6]
3Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera 2.JPGTomás Cipriano
de Mosquera y Arboleda

(1798–1878)
[9]
18 July 1861
[n 5]
4 February 1863Liberal[n 6]Andrés Cerón Serrano
(February 1862–February 1862)
Julio Arboleda Pombo
(10 July 1861–18 July 1861)
Ignacio Gutiérrez Vergara
(18 July 1861–18 January 1862)
Leonardo Canal González
(18 July 1861–6 November 1862)
Manuel del Río y de Narváez
(6 November 1862–13 January 1863)

United States of Colombia (1863–1886)

This list includes those persons who were sworn into, succeeded to, or forcibly took office as President of the United States of Colombia following the passing of the Colombian Constitution of 1863, which took effect on 8 May 1863.
There were 11 people in office, and 14 presidencies as three presidents served two non-consecutive terms each and are counted chronologically twice, they are: Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y ArboledaManuel Murillo Toro, and Rafael Núñez Moledo, the last two having actually been elected twice. Out of the 11 individuals in office, 9 were elected, one succeeded to the presidency (José Eusebio Otálora Martínez), and one took the presidency by mounting a coup d'état (Santos Acosta Castillo). Only one president died in office from natural causes (Francisco Javier Zaldúa y Racines).
Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda, the first president of the United States of Colombia, had actually started his tenure in 1861 (he became the 3rd and last President of the Granadine Confederation with a coup). In this capacity he was appointed by the National Constituent Assembly of 1863 to continue serving while the assembly drafted, passed, signed, and implemented a new constitution. The first elected president of the United States of Colombia was Manuel Murillo Toro, elected in 1864 for a constitutional two-year term. The longest serving president was Rafael Núñez Moledo with 10 years, 5 months, and 17 days, of which only 2 years, 4 months, and 5 days were actually served as the elected President of the United States of Colombia, but still longer than anyone else. Francisco Javier Zaldúa y Racines spent the shortest time in office with just 8 months, and 20 days in 1882.
The Colombian Constitution of 1858 had effectively abolished the Office of the Vice Presidency, and introduced a new line of succession system featuring the figures of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Presidential Designates. These designates were elected annually by Congress amongst its members, but held no office or duties other than providing a succession for the President in the event of the President's temporal or permanent absence. Both changes to Vice Presidency and Presidential Designates were kept by the Colombian Constitution of 1863. This system of succession was implemented in 1882 when President Zaldúa died in office and the 3rd Presidential Designate, Clímaco Calderón Reyes, became Acting President while the 1st Presidential Designate, Rafael Núñez Moledo, took office, however Núñez turned down the presidency and therefore the 2nd Presidential Designate, José Eusebio Otálora Martínez, succeeded Zaldúa to presidency.

Parties
      Conservative       Liberal
Flag of Colombia.svg • United States of Colombia • Coat of arms of United States of Colombia.svg
No.PresidentTook officeLeft officePartyTermVice President[n 7]Acting Presidents
1Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera 2.JPGTomás Cipriano
de Mosquera y Arboleda

(1798–1878)
[9]
14 May 18631 April 1864Liberal
(Radical)
(1860)Juan Agustín de Uricoechea y Rocha
(29 January 1864–28 February 1864)
2Manuel Murillo Toro by Brady.jpgManuel
Murillo Toro

(1816–1880)
[15]
1 April 18641 April 1866Liberal
(Radical)
1
(1864)
3Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera 2.JPGTomás Cipriano
de Mosquera y Arboleda

(1798–1878)
[9]
1 April 186623 May 1867Liberal
(Moderate)
2
(1866)
José María Rojas Garrido
(1 April 1866–22 May 1866)
4Manuel María de los Santos Acosta.jpgSantos
Acosta Castillo

(1828–1901)
[16]
23 May 1867
[n 5]
1 April 1868Liberal
(Radical)
5Santos Gutiérrez 1.jpgSantos
Gutiérrez Prieto

(1820–1872)
[17]
1 April 18681 April 1870Liberal
(Radical)
3
(1868)
Salvador Camacho Roldán
(21 December 1868–2 January 1869)
6Eustorgio Salgar 1.jpgEustorgio
Salgar Moreno

(1831–1885)
[18]
1 April 18701 April 1872Liberal
(Radical)
4
(1870)
7Manuel Murillo Toro by Brady.jpgManuel
Murillo Toro

(1816–1880)
[19]
1 April 18721 April 1874Liberal
(Radical)
5
(1872)
8Santiago Pérez.jpgSantiago
Pérez de Manosalbas

(1830–1900)
[20]
1 April 18741 April 1876Liberal
(Radical)
6
(1874)
9Aquileo Parra.jpgAquileo
Parra Gómez

(1825–1900)
[21]
1 April 18761 April 1878Liberal
(Radical)
7
(1876)
José Sergio Camargo Pinzón
(19 May 1877–14 August 1877)
Manuel María Ramírez Fortoul
(22 December 1877–24 December 1877)
10Julián Trujillo Largacha.jpgJulián
Trujillo Largacha

(1828–1883)
[22]
1 April 18781 April 1880Liberal
(Radical)
8
(1878)
11Rafael Núñez Moledo.jpgRafael
Núñez Moledo

(1825–1894)
[23]
1 April 18801 April 1882Liberal
(Independent)
9
(1880)
12Francisco Javier Zaldúa 1.jpgFrancisco Javier
Zaldúa y Racines

(1811–1882)
[24]
1 April 188221 December 1882
[n 4]
Liberal
(Independent)
10
(1882)
13José Eusebio Otálora 1.jpgJosé Eusebio
Otálora Martínez

(1826–1884)
[25]
21 December 18821 April 1884Liberal
(Independent)
Clímaco Calderón Reyes
(21 December 1882– 22 December 1882)
14Rafael Núñez Moledo.jpgRafael
Núñez Moledo

(1825–1894)
[23]
1 April 18841 April 1886Liberal
(Independent)
11
(1884)
Ezequiel Hurtado Hurtado
(1 April 1884– 11 August 1884)
José María Campo Serrano
(1 April 1886– 7 August 1886)

Republic of Colombia (1886–present)

This list includes those persons who were sworn into, succeeded to, or forcibly took office as President of the present-day Republic of Colombiafollowing the passing of the Colombian Constitution of 1886, which took effect on 6 August 1886. For Colombian leaders before this, see the above lists.
There have been 31 people in office, and 32 presidencies as Alfonso López Pumarejo served two non-consecutive terms and is counted chronologically as both the 14th and 16th president. Out of the 31 individuals in office, 26 were elected President, three succeeded to the presidency (Miguel Antonio Caro TobarRamón González Valencia, and Jorge Holguín Mallarino), two took the presidency by mounting a coup d'état (José Manuel Marroquín Ricaurte and Gustavo Rojas Pinilla against Manuel Antonio Sanclemente Sanclemente and Laureano Gómez Castro respectively), two permanently resigned from office (Rafael Reyes Prieto, and Marco Fidel Suárez), and one died in office of natural causes (Rafael Núñez Moledo).
Rafael Núñez Moledo, the first president, was actually inaugurated in 1884 as the 14th and last President of the United States of Colombia for a two-year constitutional term; in this capacity he was appointed by the National Constituent Assembly of 1885 to serve a new six-year term while the assembly drafted, passed, signed, and implemented a new constitution; at the end of this term he was elected in 1892 for his first constitutional six-year term as President of Colombia. Núñez spent the longest time in office with 10 years, 5 months, and 17 days, but having only spent 2 years, 1 month, and 11 days as the elected President of Colombia before his death. The longest serving elected president was Álvaro Uribe Vélez with 8 years between 2002 and 2010 having been re-elected for a second term in 2006. Ramón González Valencia spent the shortest time in office with just 1 year between 1909 and 1910 when he was elected by Congress to finish the term that President Rafael Reyes Prieto had resigned to. The shortest serving elected president was Manuel Antonio Sanclemente Sanclemente with 1 year, 11 months, and 24 days before he was deposed. Carlos Eugenio Restrepo Restrepo, was the first president to serve under the new four-year constitutional term after the Constitutional Reform of 1910 when he was appointed President by that year's National Constituent Assembly; the first elected president to serve the four-year constitutional term would be his successor,José Vicente Concha Ferreira elected in 1914. Eduardo Santos Montejo was the first to be elected by men of all classes in 1938 after all land-ownership and literacy restrictions were repealed by the Constitutional Reform of 1936. Alberto Lleras Camargo in 1958 became the first president elected after women gained voting rights after the Constitutional Reform of 1954.
The Office of the Vice Presidency was abolished after the Constitutional Reform of 1905 and was only re-introduced after the passing of the Colombian Constitution of 1991 which remains in place. Article 127 of the Colombian Constitution of 1886 only allowed for re-election of the President in a non-immediate form; this was changed by the Constitutional Reform of 2005 allowing for immediate re-elections for a maximum of two terms.
Under the Colombian Constitution of 1991, the President of Colombia is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Colombia. As chief of the executive branch and head of the national government as a whole, the presidency is the highest political office in Colombia as measure by influence and recognition. The president is also the commander-in-chief of the military of Colombia. The president is directly elected to a four-yearterm in a popular election. Since the passing of the Legislative Act 2 of 2004, no person may be elected President more than twice.[1] Upon the death, resignation, or removal from office of an incumbent President, the Vice President assumes the office. The President must be at least 30 years of age and a "natural born" citizen of Colombia.

Parties
      National       Conservative       Liberal       Republican Union       Military rule       Colombia First       National Unity       Monarch
Flag of Colombia.svg • Republic of Colombia • Escudo de Colombia.svg
No.
[n 1]
PresidentTook officeLeft officePartyTerm
[n 1]
Vice PresidentActing Presidents[n 2]
1Rafael Núñez Moledo.jpgRafael
Núñez Moledo

(1825–1894)
[23]
1 April 1886
[n 8]
18 September 1894
[n 8][n 4]
National(1885)Eliseo
Payán Hurtado

(7 August 1886–7 August 1892)
José María Campo Serrano
(7 August 1886–5 January 1887)
Eliseo Payán Hurtado
(5 January 1887–4 June 1887)
(12 December 1887–8 February 1888)
Carlos Holguín Mallarino
(7 August 1888–7 August 1892)
Antonio Basilio Cuervo Urisarri
(16 January 1893–17 January 1893)
Miguel Antonio Caro Tobar
(7 August 1892–18 September 1894)
1
(1892)
Miguel Antonio
Caro Tobar

(7 August 1892–18 September 1894)
2Miguel Antonio Caro 2.jpgMiguel Antonio
Caro Tobar

(1845–1909)
[26]
18 September 18947 August 1898Nationalvacant
(18 September 1894–1 August 1898)
[n 9]
Guillermo Quintero Calderón
(12 March 1896– 17 March 1896)
3Manuel Antonio Sanclemente.jpgManuel Antonio
Sanclemente Sanclemente

(1814–1902)
[27]
7 August 189831 July 1900National2
(1898)
José Manuel
Marroquín Ricaurte

(7 August 1898–31 July 1900)
4Xilografia de José Manuel Marroquín.jpgJosé Manuel
Marroquín Ricaurte

(1827–1908)
[28]
31 July 1900
[n 5]
7 August 1904Conservativevacant
(31 July 1900–7 August 1904)
[n 9]
5Rafael Reyes.jpgRafael
Reyes Prieto

(1849–1921)
[29]
7 August 190427 July 1909
[n 3]
Conservative3
(1904)
Ramón
González Valencia

(7 August 1904–10 March 1905)
[n 3][n 10]
Diego Euclides de Angulo Lemos
(16 March 1908– 16 April 1908)
Jorge Holguín Mallarino
(27 July 1909–4 August 1909)
[n 10]
6Ramon G. Valencia.jpgRamón
González Valencia

(1851–1928)
[30]
7 August 19097 August 1910Conservative[n 10]
7Carlos Eugenio Restrepo Restrepo.jpgCarlos Eugenio
Restrepo Restrepo

(1867–1937)
[31]
7 August 19107 August 1914
[n 11]
Republican Union
[n 12]
4
(1910)
[n 10]
8Jose Vicente Concha.jpgJosé Vicente
Concha Ferreira

(1867–1929)
[32]
7 August 19147 August 1918Conservative5
(1914)
[n 10]
9Marco Fidel Suárez.jpgMarco Fidel
Suárez

(1855–1927)
[33]
7 August 191811 November 1921
[n 3]
Conservative6
(1918)
[n 10]
10Jorge
Holguín Mallarino

(1848–1928)
[34]
11 November 19217 August 1922Conservative[n 10]
11Pedro Nel Ospina.jpgPedro Nel
Ospina Vázquez

(1858–1927)
[35]
7 August 19227 August 1926Conservative7
(1922)
[n 10]
12Miguel Abadía Méndez.jpgMiguel
Abadía Méndez

(1867–1947)
[36]
7 August 19267 August 1930Conservative8
(1926)
[n 10]
13Enriqueolayaherrera1.pngEnrique
Olaya Herrera

(1880–1937)
[37]
7 August 19307 August 1934Liberal9
(1930)
[n 10]
14LopezPumarejo.jpgAlfonso
López Pumarejo

(1886–1959)
[38]
7 August 19347 August 1938Liberal10
(1934)
[n 10]
15Fi 1178 Santos, Eduardo.jpgEduardo
Santos Montejo

(1888–1974)
[39]
7 August 19387 August 1942Liberal11
(1938)
[n 10]
16LopezPumarejo.jpgAlfonso
López Pumarejo

(1886–1959)

[38]
7 August 19427 August 1946Liberal12
(1942)
[n 10]Carlos Lozano y Lozano
(9 October 1942–19 October 1942)
Darío Echandía Olaya
(16 May 1944–10 July 1944)
Alberto Lleras Camargo
(7 August 1945–7 August 1946)
17Mariano Ospina Pérez.jpgMariano
Ospina Pérez

(1891–1976)
[40]
7 August 19467 August 1950Conservative13
(1946)
[n 10]
18Laureano Gómez (c. 1925-1926).jpgLaureano
Gómez Castro

(1889–1965)
[41]
7 August 195013 June 1953Conservative14
(1949)
[n 10]Roberto Urdaneta Arbeláez
(5 November 1951–13 June 1953)
19Gral. Gustavo Rojas Pinilla.jpgGustavo
Rojas Pinilla

(1900–1975)
[42]
13 June 1953
[n 5]
10 May 1957
[n 3]
no party (Military)[n 10]Gabriel París Gordillo
(30 July 1955–3 August 1955)

(1954)
Birth of Emperor King
FIX

1956
To
Present

Military Junta
July 20
1956

10 May 1957
Present

7 August 1958
Birth 
of
Monarch
 (Military)
[n 10]Gabriel París Gordillo
Rafael Navas Pardo
Deogracias Fonseca Espinosa
Rubén Piedrahíta Arango
Luis Ernesto Ordóñez Castillo
20Colpres proyecto.pngAlberto
Lleras Camargo

(1906–1990)
[43]
7 August 19587 August 1962Liberal
[n 13]
15
(1958)
[n 10]
21Colpres proyecto.pngGuillermo León
Valencia Muñoz

(1909–1971)
[44]
7 August 19627 August 1966Conservative
[n 13]
16
(1962)
ese[n 10]José Antonio Montalvo Berbeo
(6 August 1963–8 August 1963)
22Lleras Restrepo.jpgCarlos
Lleras Restrepo

(1908–1994)
[45]
7 August 19667 August 1970Liberal
[n 13]
17
(1966)
[n 10]
23Misael Pastrana.JPGMisael
Pastrana Borrero

(1923–1997)
[46]
7 August 19707 August 1974Conservative
[n 13]
18
(1970)
[n 10]Rafael Azuero Manchola
(21 July 1973–24 July 1973)
24Alfonso Lopez Michelsen.jpgAlfonso
López Michelsen

(1913–2007)
[47]
7 August 19747 August 1978Liberal19
(1974)
[n 10]Indalecio Liévano Aguirre
(20 September 1975–24 September 1975)
25Julio César Turbay.jpgJulio César
Turbay Ayala

(1916–2005)
[48]
7 August 19787 August 1982Liberal20
(1978)
[n 10]Víctor Mosquera Chaux
(3 February 1981–11 February 1981)
26Belisario Betancur.jpgBelisario
Betancur Cuartas

(b. 1923)
[49][50]
7 August 19827 August 1986Conservative21
(1982)
[n 10]
27Virgilio Barco.pngVirgilio
Barco Vargas

(1921–1997)
[51][52]
7 August 19867 August 1990Liberal22
(1986)
[n 10]
28César Gaviria, World Economic Forum on Latin America 2009 (cropped).jpgCésar
Gaviria Trujillo

(b. 1947)
[53][54]
7 August 19907 August 1994Liberal23
(1990)
[n 10]
29Ernesto Samper (cropped).jpgErnesto
Samper Pizano

(b. 1950)
[55][56]
7 August 19947 August 1998Liberal24
(1994)
Humberto
de la Calle Lombana

(7 August 1994–19 September 1997)
[n 10][n 3]
Carlos Lemos Simmonds
(11 January 1998–21 January 1998)
Carlos
Lemos Simmonds

(19 September 1997–7 August 1998)
30Andrespastranaarango.pngAndrés
Pastrana Arango

(b. 1954)
[57][58]
7 August 19987 August 2002Conservative25
(1998)
Gustavo Adolfo
Bell Lemus

(7 August 1998–7 August 2002)
31Álvaro Uribe (cropped).jpgÁlvaro
Uribe Vélez

(b. 1952)
[59][60]
7 August 20027 August 2010
[n 14]
Colombia First26
(2002)
Francisco
Santos Calderón

(7 August 2002–7 August 2010)
27
(2006)
32Juan Manue Santos and Lula.jpgJuan Manuel
Santos Calderón

(b. 1951)
[61][62]
7 August 2010IncumbentNational Unity28
(2010)
Angelino
Garzón

(7 August 2010–7 August 2014)
29
(2014)
German
Vargas Lleras

(7 August 2014–Present)



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